About Australia
Region: Asia-Oceania
Area: 7,741,220 km²
Population: 27,196,812
Libraries (Service Points): 13,649
Libraries in Australia
Libraries in Australia are highly developed. Most libraries are funded and operated by government at a state, territory or local council level, whether through the Arts, Education, Industry or another department. Almost all schools have a library of some description, but they vary, often depending whether they are government funded or privately run. At the lower end, there are schools with a few shelves of books. At the high end, there are flagship libraries employing qualified teacher librarians.
Total expenditure on Australia’s 1600 public libraries in 2015-2016 was $1.18 billion or the equivalent of $49.11 per Australian. The majority came from local councils or territory governments, with some funding from state governments. Public libraries range from award-winning flagship library buildings through to small branches that only open a couple of days a week in regional areas. In some states there is legislation covering the provision of public library services.
There are 199 libraries in Australian universities, providing library and information services to 1.3 million higher education students. The outstanding service provided by these libraries supports the government’s international education agenda. In addition, there are 250 libraries in TAFE (further education) institutions around Australia, working to give every TAFE student the best chance of success.
In 2016 to 2017, there were an estimate of 2,100 special libraries in Australia. Special libraries include government, health, law, corporate and other libraries that serve the public sector, institutions, businesses, arts and heritage, charities and not for profit organisations.
The National Library of Australia, State Libraries of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia, the Northern Territory Library and ACT Heritage Library collect, manage and make accessible the Australian human record, preserving Australian culture and history for researchers, historians and future generations. In 2016 to 2017, these libraries had collections valued at $5.3 billion. Legal deposit legislation assists the collection of the nation’s published print and electronic books. In total, we estimate there were more than 13,600 libraries and information service points in Australia in 2016-2017.
ALIA is the peak national body for libraries and key agenda items are:
SDG stories
Library data (Totals)
|
Library type |
Total |
National |
Academic |
Public |
Community |
School |
Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Libraries (Service Points)
Library service point is a fixed or mobile facility through which library provides a service to its users. Central libraries, branch libraries, mobile libraries, and external service points located in different geographical locations and managed by one administrative unit are all each individual service points. Number of libraries is the total number of central/main libraries, branch libraries, external service points and mobile libraries. 13,649 |
13,649 2020 |
9 2017 |
182 2020 |
1,664 2020 |
— |
9,444 2017 |
2,350 2017 |
|
Main Libraries
Central/main library is usually part or those parts of an administrative unit where the main administrative functions and the important parts of the library collection and services are located. An administrative unit comprising several branch libraries does not necessarily include a central library. 439 |
439 2020 |
— |
39 2020 |
400 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Branch Libraries
Branch library is a part of a larger administrative unit providing, in separate quarters, a service for a particular user group (e.g. children, faculties) or for a locally defined clientele. Institute, departmental and other affiliated libraries are included. Mobile libraries and external service points are excluded. 1,150 |
1,150 2020 |
— |
143 2020 |
1,007 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
External Service Points
External service point is a point away from library premises at which a certain service is regularly offered to users. This includes places within a locality at which library material is deposited for informal circulation to a restricted group of users but without other library services, for example, old people’s homes, community centres, collections for hospital patients. Mobile libraries and their stops are not counted as external service points. 177 |
177 2020 |
— |
0 2020 |
177 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Mobile Libraries
Mobile library is a library, sometimes a division of a public library, using transport means to provide documents and services directly to users as an alternative to access on library premises. 80 |
80 2020 |
— |
0 2020 |
80 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Libraries (Administrative Units)
Administrative unit is any independent library, or group of libraries, under a single directorate or a single administration. The term “independent” does not imply legal or financial independence but only that the library is a recognisably separate unit, typically within a larger organisation. The administrative unit can be a single library or a larger organisation, typically containing a central/main library, branch libraries and administrative functions. 9,990 |
9,990 2020 |
9 2020 |
39 2020 |
400 2020 |
— |
9,542 2020 |
— |
|
Libraries with Internet Access
Libraries (Service Points) that provides internet access from at least one workstation available to the public regardless of whether access is free, and/or provides a wireless network allowing users to connect to the Internet. 4,028 |
4,028 2020 |
9 2020 |
182 2020 |
1,487 2020 |
— |
— |
2,350 2017 |
|
Full-Time Staff
Full-time equivalent (FTE) staff are all library employees who work for the library in return for payment. It includes professional staff, qualified staff, project staff and assistants. Other staff (library employees who work in security and on domestic duties, for example, cleaners, porters, caretakers and catering staff) and volunteers are excluded. 22,352 |
22,352 2020 |
— |
2,800 2020 |
7,852 2020 |
— |
11,700 2013 |
— |
|
Volunteers
Volunteer is a person working on library tasks without payment. In counting volunteers, the concept of headcount is used. — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Registered Users
Registered user is a person or organisation registered with a library in order to use its collection and/or services within or away from the library. Users may be registered upon their request or automatically when enrolling in the institutions. 15 M |
14,976,906 2020 |
— |
1,651,738 2020 |
9,318,194 2020 |
— |
4,006,974 2020 |
— |
|
Physical Visits
Physical visit is a person (individual) entering the library premises. 137.2 M |
137,249,928 2020 |
7,200,000 2020 |
45,820,825 2016 |
84,229,103 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Physical Loans
Physical loan is a direct lending or delivery transaction of an item in physical form. Physical loans include loans of items in non-electronic form (e.g. books) and loans electronic documents on a physical carrier (e.g. CD-ROM). 167.5 M |
167,453,419 2020 |
— |
2,117,591 2020 |
165,335,828 2016 |
— |
— |
— |
|
eBook Loans
eBook is a non-serial digital document, licenced or not, where searchable text is prevalent, and similar to a print book (monograph). eBooks can be lent to users either on portable devices (eBook readers) or by transmitting the contents to the user’s PC or other device for a limited time period. 126.7 M |
126,699,558 2020 |
— |
126,699,558 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Audio Book Loans
Audio book (or talking book) is a sound recording of readings of a book, magazine, or newspaper, usually designed for use by visually impaired people. Audio books can be lent to users either on a physical carrier or other device, or by transmitting the content to the user’s PC or other device for a limited time period. — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Downloads
Download is a content unit that is successfully requested from a library-provided online service or other internet service (e.g. database, electronic serial or digital document). — |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Library data (Per 1M People)
|
Library type |
Total |
National |
Academic |
Public |
Community |
School |
Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Libraries (Service Points)
13,649
Library service point is a fixed or mobile facility through which library provides a service to its users. Central libraries, branch libraries, mobile libraries, and external service points located in different geographical locations and managed by one administrative unit are all each individual service points. Number of libraries is the total number of central/main libraries, branch libraries, external service points and mobile libraries. |
501.9 2020 |
0.3 2017 |
6.7 2020 |
61.2 2020 |
— |
347.2 2017 |
86.4 2017 |
|
Main Libraries
439
Central/main library is usually part or those parts of an administrative unit where the main administrative functions and the important parts of the library collection and services are located. An administrative unit comprising several branch libraries does not necessarily include a central library. |
16.1 2020 |
— |
1.4 2020 |
14.7 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Branch Libraries
1,150
Branch library is a part of a larger administrative unit providing, in separate quarters, a service for a particular user group (e.g. children, faculties) or for a locally defined clientele. Institute, departmental and other affiliated libraries are included. Mobile libraries and external service points are excluded. |
42.3 2020 |
— |
5.3 2020 |
37 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
External Service Points
177
External service point is a point away from library premises at which a certain service is regularly offered to users. This includes places within a locality at which library material is deposited for informal circulation to a restricted group of users but without other library services, for example, old people’s homes, community centres, collections for hospital patients. Mobile libraries and their stops are not counted as external service points. |
6.5 2020 |
— |
0 2020 |
6.5 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Mobile Libraries
80
Mobile library is a library, sometimes a division of a public library, using transport means to provide documents and services directly to users as an alternative to access on library premises. |
2.9 2020 |
— |
0 2020 |
2.9 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Libraries (Administrative Units)
9,990
Administrative unit is any independent library, or group of libraries, under a single directorate or a single administration. The term “independent” does not imply legal or financial independence but only that the library is a recognisably separate unit, typically within a larger organisation. The administrative unit can be a single library or a larger organisation, typically containing a central/main library, branch libraries and administrative functions. |
367.3 2020 |
0.3 2020 |
1.4 2020 |
14.7 2020 |
— |
350.8 2020 |
— |
|
Libraries with Internet Access
4,028
Libraries (Service Points) that provides internet access from at least one workstation available to the public regardless of whether access is free, and/or provides a wireless network allowing users to connect to the Internet. |
148.1 2020 |
0.3 2020 |
6.7 2020 |
54.7 2020 |
— |
— |
86.4 2017 |
|
Full-Time Staff
22,352
Full-time equivalent (FTE) staff are all library employees who work for the library in return for payment. It includes professional staff, qualified staff, project staff and assistants. Other staff (library employees who work in security and on domestic duties, for example, cleaners, porters, caretakers and catering staff) and volunteers are excluded. |
821.9 2020 |
— |
103 2020 |
288.7 2020 |
— |
430.2 2013 |
— |
|
Volunteers
—
Volunteer is a person working on library tasks without payment. In counting volunteers, the concept of headcount is used. |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Registered Users
15 M
Registered user is a person or organisation registered with a library in order to use its collection and/or services within or away from the library. Users may be registered upon their request or automatically when enrolling in the institutions. |
550,686.1 2020 |
— |
60,732.8 2020 |
342,620.8 2020 |
— |
147,332.5 2020 |
— |
|
Physical Visits
137.2 M
Physical visit is a person (individual) entering the library premises. |
5 M 2020 |
264,736.9 2020 |
1.7 M 2016 |
3.1 M 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
|
Physical Loans
167.5 M
Physical loan is a direct lending or delivery transaction of an item in physical form. Physical loans include loans of items in non-electronic form (e.g. books) and loans electronic documents on a physical carrier (e.g. CD-ROM). |
6.2 M 2020 |
— |
77,861.7 2020 |
6.1 M 2016 |
— |
— |
— |
|
eBook Loans
126.7 M
eBook is a non-serial digital document, licenced or not, where searchable text is prevalent, and similar to a print book (monograph). eBooks can be lent to users either on portable devices (eBook readers) or by transmitting the contents to the user’s PC or other device for a limited time period. |
4.7 M 2020 |
— |
4.7 M 2020 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Audio Book Loans
—
Audio book (or talking book) is a sound recording of readings of a book, magazine, or newspaper, usually designed for use by visually impaired people. Audio books can be lent to users either on a physical carrier or other device, or by transmitting the content to the user’s PC or other device for a limited time period. |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Downloads
—
Download is a content unit that is successfully requested from a library-provided online service or other internet service (e.g. database, electronic serial or digital document). |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
Contextual data
|
Population |
Australia |
Region |
World |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Population Total population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. The values shown are midyear estimates. |
27,196,812 2024 |
2,388,319,494 2024 |
8,141,808,945 2024 |
|
Proportion of Population Younger than 15 Age dependency ratio, young, is the ratio of younger dependents--people younger than 15--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. |
27.7% 2024 |
26.4% 2024 |
38.0% 2024 |
|
Proportion of Population Older than 64 Age dependency ratio, old, is the ratio of older dependents--people older than 64--to the working-age population--those ages 15-64. Data are shown as the proportion of dependents per 100 working-age population. |
27.5% 2024 |
20.0% 2024 |
15.7% 2024 |
|
Population Growth Annual population growth rate for year t is the exponential rate of growth of midyear population from year t-1 to t, expressed as a percentage. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship. |
2.0% 2024 |
0 2024 |
1.0% 2024 |
|
Population Density Population density is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. |
3.5% 2023 |
97.3% 2022 |
61.6% 2022 |
|
Urban Population Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division. |
87.6% 2024 |
64.4% 2024 |
57.6% 2024 |
|
Information Infrastructure |
Australia |
Region |
World |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Internet Users Internet users are individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc. |
97.1% 2023 |
86.6% 2024 |
71.2% 2024 |
|
Female Internet Users This indicator refers to female individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc. |
86.1% 2017 |
85.5% 2024 |
68.2% 2024 |
|
Male Internet Users This indicator refers to male individuals who have used the Internet (from any location) in the last 3 months. The Internet can be used via a computer, mobile phone, personal digital assistant, games machine, digital TV etc. |
- |
85.5% |
- |
|
Access to Electricity Access to electricity is the percentage of population with access to electricity. Electrification data are collected from industry, national surveys and international sources. |
100.0% 2023 |
98.4% 2023 |
91.6% 2023 |
|
Economy, Poverty, and Employment |
Australia |
Region |
World |
|---|---|---|---|
|
GDP per Capita This indicator provides values for gross domestic product (GDP) expressed in current international dollars, converted by purchasing power parities (PPPs). PPPs account for the different price levels across countries and thus PPP-based comparisons of economic output are more appropriate for comparing the output of economies and the average material well-being of their inhabitants than exchange-rate based comparisons. Gross domestic product is the total income earned through the production of goods and services in an economic territory during an accounting period. It can be measured in three different ways: using either the expenditure approach, the income approach, or the production approach. This series has been linked to produce a consistent time series to counteract breaks in series over time due to changes in base years, source data and methodologies. Thus, it may not be comparable with other national accounts series in the database for historical years. The core indicator has been divided by the general population to achieve a per capita estimate. This indicator is expressed in current prices, meaning no adjustment has been made to account for price changes over time. The PPP conversion factor is a currency conversion factor and a spatial price deflator. PPPs convert different currencies to a common currency and, in the process of conversion, equalize their purchasing power by eliminating the differences in price levels between countries, thereby allowing volume or output comparisons of GDP and its expenditure components. |
71,410 2024 |
27,212.2 2024 |
24,405 2024 |
|
Poverty Rate Poverty headcount ratio at $3.00 a day is the percentage of the population living on less than $3.00 a day at 2021 purchasing power adjusted prices. As a result of revisions in PPP exchange rates, poverty rates for individual countries cannot be compared with poverty rates reported in earlier editions. |
1.0% 2020 |
2.0% 2024 |
10.3% 2024 |
|
Inequality Gini index measures the extent to which the distribution of income (or, in some cases, consumption expenditure) among individuals or households within an economy deviates from a perfectly equal distribution. A Lorenz curve plots the cumulative percentages of total income received against the cumulative number of recipients, starting with the poorest individual or household. The Gini index measures the area between the Lorenz curve and a hypothetical line of absolute equality, expressed as a percentage of the maximum area under the line. Thus a Gini index of 0 represents perfect equality, while an index of 100 implies perfect inequality. |
33.8% 2020 |
0.0% |
- |
|
Unemployment Unemployment refers to the share of the labor force that is without work but available for and seeking employment. Definitions of labor force and unemployment differ by country. |
3.9% 2024 |
4.4% 2021 |
6.2% 2021 |
|
Inactive Youth The share of youth not in education, employment or training (also known as “the NEET rate”) conveys the number of young persons not in education, employment or training as a percentage of the total youth population. Youth not in education are those who were neither enrolled in school nor in a formal training program (e.g. vocational training). For the purposes of this indicator, youth is defined as all persons between the ages of 15 and 24 (inclusive). percentage of youth population |
8.5% 2024 |
15.4% 2000 |
- |
|
Education and Literacy |
Australia |
Region |
World |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Education Spending General government expenditure on education (current, capital, and transfers) is expressed as a percentage of GDP. It includes expenditure funded by transfers from international sources to government. General government usually refers to local, regional and central governments. percentage of GDP |
5.1% 2022 |
3.5% 2023 |
3.5% 2023 |
|
Adult Literacy Rate Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life. percentage of people ages 15 and above |
- |
3.5% 2023 |
87.7% 2024 |
|
Female Adult Literacy Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life. percentage of females ages 15 and above |
- |
95.3% 2024 |
84.6% 2024 |
|
Male Adult Literacy Adult literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15 and above who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life. percentage of males ages 15 and above |
- |
97.9% 2024 |
90.9% 2024 |
|
Female Youth Literacy Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life. percentage of females ages 15-24 |
- |
99.2% 2024 |
92.0% 2024 |
|
Male Youth Literacy Youth literacy rate is the percentage of people ages 15-24 who can both read and write with understanding a short simple statement about their everyday life. percentage of males ages 15-24 |
- |
99.0% 2024 |
94.1% 2024 |
|
Research and Innovation |
Australia |
Region |
World |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Research Spending Gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D), expressed as a percent of GDP. They include both capital and current expenditures in the four main sectors: Business enterprise, Government, Higher education and Private non-profit. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development. percentage of GDP |
1.9% 2021 |
2.8% 2022 |
2.7% 2022 |
|
Researchers The number of researchers engaged in Research &Development (R&D), expressed as per million. Researchers are professionals who conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models techniques instrumentation, software of operational methods. R&D covers basic research, applied research, and experimental development. per million people |
4,569 2010 |
2,304.4 2022 |
1,516 2018 |
|
Scientific Articles Article counts refer to publications from a selection of conference proceedings and peer-reviewed journals from Scopus in science and engineering fields, according to the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics Taxonomy of Disciplines. fractional count |
62,305 2022 |
1,294,313.1 2022 |
3,338,192 2022 |
National Library Associations
Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) seeks to empower the profession through the development, promotion and delivery of quality library and information services to the nation, through leadership, advocacy and mutual professional support. ALIA is guided by its constitution, vision, objects and values. Founded in 1937, it is located at ALIA House in Canberra, the capital of Australia. ALIA has 5000 Members, 7 Board Directors, 11 Advisory Committees, 40-plus interest Groups and 25 staff. ALIA accredits courses leading to professional qualifications; advocates for the sector; publishes a magazine and journal; and runs major national conferences, smaller events, training courses and PD.
National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA) brings together the expert knowledge and innovative capacity of the National Library of Australia, the National Library of New Zealand, and Australia’s eight state and territory libraries. Through collaboration, NSLA delivers better collections, solutions and customer experiences than each library can do individually. NSLA also contributes to more informed public policy, and shares knowledge and expertise to increase the professional capability of staff and to build a workforce for the future. There are nine Australian members.
CAUL is the peak leadership organisation for university libraries in Australia. Members are the lead library executive of the institutions that have representation on Universities Australia. Society is transformed through the power of research, teaching and learning. University libraries are essential knowledge and information infrastructures that enable student achievement and research excellence. CAUL makes a significant contribution to higher education strategy, policy and outcomes through a commitment to a shared purpose: to transform how people experience knowledge – how it can be discovered, used and shared. There are 39 members.
ASLA is the national authority, the peak forum in the field of teacher librarianship and school library resource services. Its aim is to maximise opportunities for students to obtain independent lifelong learning and decision making skills. ASLA engages in development of national standards and policies for school libraries and the teacher librarianship profession, engages in advocacy and promotion projects and activities on behalf of school libraries, conducts professional learning events, and research in the field of school libraries.
National Library
The Library’s role, as defined by the National Library of Australia Act 1960, is to ensure that documentary resources of national significance relating to Australia and the Australian people, as well as significant non-Australian library materials, are collected, preserved and made accessible either through the Library itself or through collaborative arrangements with other libraries and information providers. By offering a strong national focus in all that we do, and cooperating with others who share our goals, we support learning, creative and intellectual endeavour, and contribute to the continuing vitality of Australia’s diverse culture and heritage.
Policy Making Institutions
The Department is responsible for the National Library of Australia and other national institutions. It also has responsibility for copyright law.
Library Support Organisations
There are no library support organisations in Australia.
National Policy for Libraries
There is no information available.
Library Law
This law covers the operation of the National Library of Australia. It was last amended in 2016.
Legal Deposit Law
Legal deposit is a requirement under the Copyright Act 1968 that has enabled the National Library of Australia to collect Australian publications for more than 100 years. It ensures that a comprehensive collection of published material relating to Australia and its people is preserved for the community and future generations. The law was extended in 2016 to cover the online publishing landscape. This includes all Australian print and electronic books, journals, magazines, newsletters, reports, sheet music, maps, websites and public social media. Legal deposit applies to any Australian person, group or organisation that makes this material available to the public for sale or for free.
Copyright Law & Library Exceptions and Limitations
Australian libraries have benefited from recent changes to copyright law, taking into account the opportunities for digital access to collections and the need for improved access for people with print disabilities. ALIA is advocating for further copyright law reforms, with the goal of creating a fair use environment. The main advocacy body for libraries is the Australian Libraries Copyright Committee. There are Public Lending Right and Educational Lending Right schemes in Australia.
Professional Qualification Requirements
There is no information available.
Education
In 2017, there were 26 universities, TAFEs (technical and further education colleges) and private training providers delivering 39 ALIA accredited courses around Australia.
There were 4,877 students enrolled in Library and Information Science (LIS) courses in 2015 — down from 5,144 students in 2014 — with 41% in higher education and 59% in vocational education and training. Of these 4,877 students, 3,588 were enrolled in ALIA accredited courses leading to professional membership of the Association. The most popular qualifications were the Master’s degree in higher education and the Diploma in the VET sector.
Professional Publications
The Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association is the flagship journal of ALIA. It is a quarterly publication for information science researchers, information professionals, related disciplines and industries. The Journal aims to stimulate discussion and inform practice by showcasing original peer reviewed research articles and other scholarly papers about, or relevant to, the Australian and Southern Asia Pacific regions. Authors from the full range of information professions and areas of scholarship are invited to contribute their work to the Journal, which is published on ALIA’s behalf by Taylor and Francis through the Routledge imprint.
Professional Events
Library and Information Week is an annual campaign run by ALIA, promoting libraries and the work of library and information professionals. It takes place at the end of May. AT 11am, on the Wednesday of the week, we hold National Simultaneous Storytime, with one children’s picture book chosen for a nationwide reading event. In 2018, there were more than 1 million participants in Australia and New Zealand.
ALIA Information Online Conference is the biggest event in an information professional’s calendar. The conference has been held since 1990 and attracts in the region of 1000 influential professionals from all sectors of the library industry. The conference program has a multi-sector focus and provides a unique opportunity for organisations to promote and showcase their products and services to a targeted and influential delegate group. Information Online gives access to key library and information service professionals from Australia, New Zealand, Asia Pacific, and beyond.This conference takes place every two years (next in 2019), in February, in Sydney.
ALIA National Conference provides the platform as a meeting point for all library and information professionals, from all sectors and all areas of Australia and the international community. It takes place every two years (next in 2020), around mid-year. It moves from city to city. In 2018, the National Conference was replaced by the Asia-Pacific Library and Information Conference, on Queensland’s Gold Coast, in partnership with LIANZA and the Library Association of Singapore.
Library Location Resources